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VARIANTS OF REILLY'S MODEL IN THE STUDY OF SETTLEMENT SYSTEM OF SOUTH BOHEMIAN REGION
ZLESÁK, Lukáš
The bachelor thesis deals with the application of Reilly's model on the settlement system of South Bohemian Region. The theoretical aspect focuses on treatment of the issue of the settlement system and gravity models, with an emphasis on Reilly's model. The specific focus of the research is municipalities with extended competences in the South Bohemian Region. Their significance in the settlement system is first calculated by the method of theoretical spatial interactions, subsequently regionalised catchment area of selected centers based on basic and calibrated version of the Reilly´s model. The results of the research are graphically represented by map outputs and summary tables. The synthesis focuses on comparison of the model regions and administrative divisions, with formation of suitable model variants. Key words: gravitational models, Reilly's law, regionalization, settlement system,South Bohemian Region
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Gravity Models Enlarged by Institutional Factors
Benešová, Šárka ; Benáček, Vladimír (advisor) ; Babin, Adrian (referee)
This thesis focuses on the gravity model of international trade that is enlarged by institutional factors. The aim is to concentrate on behaviour of Swiss exporter, based on cross-sectional and time series panel dataset. Swiss former foreign trade is analysed for this purpose. Afterwards, institutional factors are discussed in the first part of the thesis, how they can influence international trade and how they are affected by liberalisation. Further, the gravity model of international trade and development of the model is introduced. Second part of the thesis concentrates on the estimation of the gravity model for Swiss export by fixed and random effects. It was found out that institutional factors have impact on Swiss exports, especially from the static perspective while the subjects between countries are discriminated, which is modelled using cross-sectional data specification. The role of institutions substantially decreases in dynamic point of view.
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Perspectives of Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership: benefits and potential risks
Bednář, Milan ; Ševčíková, Michaela (advisor) ; Zamrazilová, Eva (referee)
It is possible that the economic condition of Europe after the global financial crisis of 2008-2009 prompted idea of trade liberalization. This diploma thesis deals with the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP), a proposed free trade agreement between the European Union and the United States of America. Main goal of the thesis is to provide economic evaluation of the deal, and to assess the claim that TTIP would be beneficial for the European Union member states. Main used method is a theoretical analysis supplemented by regression analysis. The theoretical part is focused on basic economic principles of international trade and related concepts. Main tools used to assess this agreement are described in more detail as well. The analytical part deals with economic linkages between the two regions, with emphasis on the development and current status of non-tariff barriers to trade. The thesis also contains a summary of potential benefits and risks. Finally, a potential impact of TTIP on the Czech Republic and the issue of Brexit is presented. The European Union and the United States of America are linked by strong economic ties. However, trade barriers between those two entities still exist and hamper international trade. The analysis indicates that if the contract was to be impactful and significant, it must focus on a substantial reduction of bilateral non-tariff barriers to trade. This implies that TTIP could interfere with sectoral regulations. In addition, it is not certain that achieved revenues would be automatically higher than costs given the number of perceived risks. Panel data gravity models are used to quantify the potential impact of trade liberalization on export of goods of the EU28 countries to the USA. Significant elimination of trade barriers could increase EU exports to the USA by more than 20%.
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The analysis of transport gradient between cities and administrative regions in the Czech Republic
Běhounek, Josef ; Toth, Petr (advisor) ; Vochozková, Jacqueline (referee)
The work focuses on regionalisation represented by gradients of population centers (meaning generally all localities with human settlement). The theoretical part deals with various approaches on creation of regions and its formation (using various models). One of the possible applications into practise of regionalisation models including its evaluation is presented in the practical part. Namely the practical part deals with the Reilly model which is formed on data about commuting (because commuting which represents gradients between centers the best). As a variable we use commuting between pairs of centers in which one center represents a nodal center while the other center is dependent on the first one and is situated in the same administrative region (okres). The work shows that the results of the model show real relationships between gradients based on commuting to work and those based on commuting to education but the results are not satisfactory in absolut numbers because the real power of nodal center is even stronger than it was expected. Nevertheless the conclusion is not disproval of possible application of Reilly model. The conclusion is that the model has to be calibrated with more variables in order to be satisfactory.
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